Automatic lubricator



June- 9, 1936. J: BIJUR AUTOMATIC LUBRICATOR Filed March 16, 1928 4Sheets-Sheet 2 avwamto'c June 9, 1936. J. BIJUR AUTOMATIC LUBRICATORFiled. March 16, 1928 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 I lNVENTOR BY Jo epk 173 1:

Patented June 9, 1936 UNITED STATES AUTOMATIC LUBRICATOR Joseph Bijur,New York, N. Y., assignor to Auto Research Corporation, a corporation ofDelaware Application March 16, 1928, Serial No. 262,123

45 Claims.

My present invention relates primarily to centralized chassislubrication, more especially of the automatic type.

It is among the objects of the invention to provide an installation ofthe type mentioned, involving a minimum of mechanism or linkage, andwhich may be operated by force derived from the vehicle in the normaluse thereof, and which functions to propel the lubricant to the bearingsat appropriate intervals under a propulsive force,

to meet requirements, without excessive overflow and in particulardispensing with the need for mechanical reduction mechanism of anycharacter.

Another object is to provide a construction of the above type whichinherently, without the need for any special instrumentality for thepurpose, will prevent the forcing of air under pressure from an emptyreservoir into the pipe line, even though the pump have a tight-fittingpiston.

A feature of the invention is the charging of the pump by forcinglubricant thereinto, while holding the outlet thereof closed, until thepump has been fully charged, at which time the valve is suddenly openedto permit discharge under av pressure, preferably stored during and bythe pump charging operation.

The pump is preferably of the spring discharged type and includes apiston limited in its approach with respect to the valve to determine asub-reservoir between the piston and the valve into which the lubricantis forced from the main reservoir.

In a preferred embodiment, the valve has a stem against which the pistonis pressed by the spring in the intervals between charging operations,and toggle linkage connects the piston to the valve, to snap the latteropen as soon as the piston has been displaced through its full strokeagainst the resistance of the discharge spring.

The charging operation may be effected by energy derived from thevehicle in the normal use thereof, as, for instance, from a pneumaticsource, active in the normal operation of the vehicle, illustrativelythe intake or exhaust manifold or the brake air line.

In one embodiment, the pressure source such as that of the air brakeline may be applied to an appropriate motor, illustratively on top ofthe lubricant reservoir, operating through a connecting link upon aservo-pump within the reservoir, which thus intermittently forces smallcharges of lubricant into the sub-reservoir. Alternatively theservo-pump may be operated from a suction motor conveniently located ontop of the reservoir and deriving its motive force from the intakemanifold.

The servo-pump has a loose fitting piston, so

that while effective to pump oil, it is ineffective to pump air.Accordingly, the main pump piston will not become displaced when theservopumps operates in an empty reservoir, and since no air is forcedinto the main pump, the latter in discharge will at no times forceair-into thepipe line.

' In another type of construction, pneumatic pressure, preferably fromthe brake airline is admitted into the lubricant reservoir, to place thelubricant therein under pressure and to force it slowly through arestriction member, such as a drip plug, into the sub-reservoir.

In the accompanying drawings in which are shown one or more of variouspossible embodiments of the several features of the invention,

Fig. 1. is a view in longitudinal section of a preferred form of tankand pump,

Fig. 2 is adiagrammatic view illustrating the mode of installation ofthe pump, showing a fragment of a preferred pipe system operatedtherefrom,

Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic plan View illustrating the mode of installationand use of the pump shown in Fig. 1, 7 Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig.1 of an alternative embodiment,

Fig. 5 is aviewsimilar to Fig. 1 of another alternative form,

Fig. 6 is a bottom plan view of Fig. 5 with parts in section, and

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary view in longitudinal section of Fig. 5.

. Referring now to Fig. 1 of the drawings, I have shown a lubricantreservoir R comprising a base section l0, within the flanged opening llof which there is fitted the lower enlarged end l2 of a pump cylinder13. The top of the pump is turned inward as at M and retained firmly inposition by an embossment l5 of the reservoir cover section l6, which istelescoped over the rim of the base section 10, and has a filling cap orplug (not shown). Vents l3a near the upper end of cylinder B prevent thebuilding up of air or oil pressure above the pump piston; I c

A closure head I! is pressed against thelower end of the pump unitby athreaded cap 18 screwed thereon, suitable gaskets I9 rendering theconnection lubricant-tight. An outlet nipple member 20 is forcedcentrally through the head and is closed by a valve 2| to behereinafterdescribed.

10 "'posite sides of the cylinder l3, into longitudinal,

' descent, of the main. pump piston and transmits g pressure againstvalve 2| to aid in seatingthe:

1 Within the cylinder is a piston 22 comprising a block of metal towhich'a leather suction cup '23 is clamped by means of a nut: 24threaded upon the reduced end of the piston and pressed against thewasher. A stressed coil spring 25 is lodged in the upper part. of thecylinder and reacts against the piston, preferably fitting at its lowerend into; a cavity 26zt herein. The downward stroke of the pistonislimited by screw stops 39 extending inward from diametricallyopgrooves in the piston. The grooves 4 0,,termi nate at square shoulders40 at their upper ends, which are arrested by stops 39 tolimit thedescent of the piston. y

The valve in the present embodiment has a head 2| within which islodgeda disk2.| 0t softer, material, preferably vellumoid, to preventthe escape of lubricant from the .reservoiror pump during the intervalsbetween operations. Preferably, the valve has a long stem .28' lodged atits upper end within a corresponding bore 29. in the pistonstructure.vThe volume of the cylinder between the piston and the valve, I

have des gna d. a sub-.re' rr i and design ted by r ference character SuThis SUbrIGSQIVQ I is at. all times, filledwith oil, Which cushions thelatter, The oilin the sub-reservoir also maintains. the piston. cup-23primed and, impregnates thecompressed'soft .disk 21 to -render iteffective. as a seal. a

Mechanicalrmeans is: provided. to r'elease valve 2| after thechargingstroke of the. pump is completedand to. reseat. saidvalve when the dis-H charge is. completed. a This valve actuating means 7 acts, with theoil pressure previously described.

to-Lpress valve 2| against its seat throughoutthe period betweensuccessive-discharges. Ina preferredconstruction this means comprises-atoggle linkage interveningbetween the piston and the valve and locatedwithin the sub-reservoin; The

' linkage comprises a pivot'3l] mounted in a brack- 1 operating arm 34connected by a link 35 to i V. 'Zseated by ia coil spring 44, and'aninlet check 7 valve 45 in the lower end thereof, near the bot- ,7 tom ofthe reservoir l0 and seated by a coil et:arm, 3|, rising from th e headH and includes a toggle arm 32, pivoted by pin andslotcon nection 33with respect to the valve-stem'28 and the piston 22. The link 35 is.anchored at its upperend .bystud 36 to the piston 22 and'has anelongated slot 31 at its opposite end'for lost 7 motion with respecttothe link 34. A;coil spring 38 connects the opposite ends of the togglelinks.

A stop 3|a,; preferably integral; with bracket 3| limits the upwardstroke of toggle arm 32.

Bracket 3| is accurately located and maintained in position by pins llawelded to the inside of cylinder l2 and passing'fthroughcorresponding"op"enings in the closure ll, which mounts said bracket 3|The jamming or binding of the toggle linkage, which would easily beincurred by relative rotation. of head 11 and piston 22 is avoided, thelatterbeing'held against rotation by the screw stop's'39-previously1described. I 1

For charging the sub-reservoir, I .have shown an auxiliary; orservo-pump 4|, supported by means of; a: fitting 42 at the wall of thesubreservoir. :The servo-pump has an outlet check valve 43in themountingfitting 42 normally spring 46. The servo-pump 4| comprises asmall ing the intervals between, discharge 7 compr ssed air.

cylinder within Which movesa small piston com- 7 prising a metal rod 41preferably devoid of pack- 7 ing. The servo-pump is preferably operatedby motive means which may be mounted on top of the reservoir, totransmit its operating impulse through a connecting rod 48 afiixed atits upper end of themotive elementby a small ball and socket joint 49and connected by a similar joint 1,632,771 of. June 14, 1927.'Illustratively, I have shown in Fig.2 a fragment p of a pipe line witha number of the dripplug outlets thereon. The

specific construction of these, when taken alone,

not being, material to the present invention, it

need merely be briefly noted that these drip plugs each comprisepreferably afitting 65 with a metal pin 66, therein, affording a minute,highly res istant flow-controlling crevice. A relief valve 5'] isnormally urged by a coil spring 68 against its seat to prevent slow dripthrough the fitting durstrai'nerplug59 backed by a: wire mesh screen HIand lodged in a corresponding socket at'the inlet to the, fitting,excludes solid particles and. thereby guardsthe pin crevice from beingclogged and the relieij valve from leaking. At T is shown the exteriorof one ofjthefldrip plugs in the run Qfgthe pipe line and embodied in aT fitting.

A felt Illustratively the tank R is shown 'aflixed to the dashboardD atthe engine'side thereofian'd the, head. of the distributing piping, isconnected to. the. outlet 20. v

.. For operating .the' motor 5|, I may employ the engine exhaust orother source of pressure, but I. have illustratively shown the air brakeline 56 on the vehicle through which compressed air iiowsto the brakesfrom a tank 51' when the brake pedalv 58 is depressed. The air tank ischarged, from air; compressor 59, driven from the engine, ApressuregovernorBl opera-= tively connects the compressor to the engine when theair pressure in the 'tank is low. A check valve 62 in the tank prevents,return flow of from air brake line 58 to the nipple 54 'inthe headofcylinder 5| 1 V Q Whenever the air brakes are applied,;pressure iscommunicated through pipe, 63 and nipple 64, to, depress the piston 52against the resistance of spring 55. By the thrust thus transmittedthrough connecting rod 48, the piston v4| of the servo pump'isvdepressed, thereby to force a small charge of oil. past the'check'valve 43 into the sub-reservoirs, and forcing the piston 22 slightlyupward against the resistance of spring 25.

When the pressure on pedal 58 is released and pneumatic pressure on line56 ceases the coil A pipe line'|i.3 communicates spring 55 again lifts,the piston 52 and through the connecting, rod 48 raises the piston 41 ofthe servo-pump and thereby causes the latter to draw in a fresh chargeof lubricant from the reservoir, past the check valve 45 preparatory todischarge into the sub-reservoir when. the air brake is again applied.Thus, for each discharge of the servo-pump, the piston 22 of the mainpump is forced upward slightlyi During this operation, the coil: spring38 of the toggle maintains the valve 2t pressed against its seat. Thisoperation proceeds until the pump has been charged, at which: time thelink has been moved with the piston to thereby drawthe toggle link 3ipast dead center. The tensioned toggle spring 38- immediately thereaftercontracts to suddenly lift the valve stem 28* and thereby sharply openthe valve 21 and allow the pump todischarge through the outlet 20; underthe expansive force of coil spring 25;

The oil pressure in the sub-reservoir presses the outlet valve 2|closedwhile the trip mechanism is changing from the position of pushdown to that of lift up"; Thus during the charging operation, the outletcannot open, so that the risev of the main piston is assured, untilsnapping of the toggle mechanism\ has. occurred.

The various drip plugs in parallel: present a relatively high resistancetodischarge, so that the drip plugs at the outlets will substantiallyretard the rapid discharge of the pump which would otherwise occur underthe substantial expansive force of the spring 25, suddenly released bythe quick opening of valve 2|, as above described. Thus, whenever thepump has been completely charged, the discharge to the. bearings willoccur under the nearly constant force determined. by the compressionspring; 25; the rate of discharge being: determined by the constantcharacteristics of the; various drip. plugs at the bearings.

The-charging of the pump occurs without any conscious effort orattention whatsoever on the part of the operator and at the relativelylong time elapsed before a multiplicity of brake operations haveoccurred. The dischargev or lu'- bricating action. will, therefore,occur only once for several miles of vehicle operation, and the pumpvolume is. so. proportioned that ateach discharge, there will besufflcient lubricant delivered to the hearings to supply the needsthere-. of for the intervalsbetween: successive pumpoperations.

Obviously, air as distinguished from oil will not be pumped: by. theservo-pump, but will leak past the piston thereof; It follows that themain pump will never be charged; with: air, though operated with themain. reservoir depleted, and no air can be forced into thedistributing'oil line. The reliability of distribution will thus not beimpaired, as. it would be by: forcing air thereinto.

It will be readily seen that in the initial use of the new tank the air'in the sub-reservoir will readily escape past the suction cup 23 untilthe oil has risen and the trapping of air'is thus avoided.

In Fig. 4' I have shown a reservoir and pump construction identical'withthat of Fig. 1', in which the pressure motor is replaced by a suctionmotor I5 operated preferably from the intake manifold (not shown). Thesuction motor is connected by means of the connecting rod I6 to thepiston T1 of the servo-pump 18- in the same manner as is the pressuremotor in Fig; 1,

The suction motor may be of identically; the same construction as thatshown in my copending application, Serial No. 580,668 filed August Iwill but briefly describe it here as comprising a cylinder I5 having a,piston 19 therein urged by a coil spring 83- toward the lower end of thestroke, the coil spring reacting against the cylinder head- FI Theventing of the cylinder at the end of the. suction. stroke occursthrough a vent tube 82.v The suction and venting, ports; arerespectively controlled. by corresponding valves 84 and 8.5 coacting.with a toggle spring. 85 which, in turn, is operated by pins: 81 and 88;at'opposite; sides, thereof mounted on. a rod 89; secured axially of.the piston 19.

In operation, upon application of suction, past open valve 84 the pistonI9 is drawn. upward until the pin 88. snaps: over the toggle 86 at whichtime the suction valve 84 is raised to: its seat and the venting valve,85 is raised from its seat.. Inthe subsequent spring-return of thepistoni 15 during, which: the servo-pump this, operated, the pin 81returns the toggle spring to re-open the. suction valve 84 and recl'osethe venting valve 85 preparatory to the; next suction stroke. 7

while the engine is operating, the servopumpisslowly reciprocated untilafter the'main pump is: fully charged, lubrication occurs, asset forth.above. The operationis at time intervals, depending: roughly on manifoldvacuum determined by vehicle; operating conditions.

At 90 is shown the vacuum shut-oil valve drawn upward against theresistance of spring. 91' to its seat 92,.to prevent operation of thesuction motor during the application oi the high suction. occurring whenthe engine is idling. The valve has a unitary piston 9.0 which is raisedunder high suction to close valve 90. Piston 90' is perforated at 9-I-'to transmit the suction impulse which operates motor I5.

In Figs,..5, 6 and 7 is: shown a pressure operated embodiment. in whichthe servo-pump is dispensed with. The propulsive agency for operatingthe main pump may be pneumatic. pressure derived from. the air line, asin Fig. 2, butapplied directly to the interior of the oil reservoir R.The lubricant in: the main reservoir R is thereby placedundercompression and lubricant. slowly forced into the, sub-reservoir Sthrough a highly restricted passage in the wall of the latter, near thebottom of the main reservoir. The restriction passage may besubstantially a dripplug construction-similar to that shown in Fig. 1but devoid of a valve. Illustratively the restriction plug comprises a.fitting I00 threaded intothe wall of the sub-reservoir, having itslongitudinal bore nearly filled by a metal pin IOI extendingsubstantially the length thereof and maintained from dropping or Workingout of the bore by wire, mesh caps I02 in corresponding end sockets I03,and in turn maintained in position by perforated sheet metal cups I04forced into the extremities of said sockets.

There being no motor element on top of the reservoir, I have in thisembodiment illustratively shown alonger. pump cylinder I05, to fittightly in a flanged. opening I 06, in the top: of the reservoir. abovewhich it protrudes. The lower part of the pump construction issubstantially identical with those of Figs. 1 and 4..

The compressed air is preferably admitted to the reservoir through; aspecial fitting having a stud III-1 mounted; in the topof. the: tank.The

fitting includes anintegralrcapsule Hi8 extending preferably-laterallyof the reservoir within, which capsule is-fitted' a removable filterdisk Ifitihaving a wire mesh. backing screen I In and clampedperipherally by means of'a ridge HI on. plate l-I'2 which in turnis'held in position by a closure 'cap' H3 threaded upon'th'e capsule;The cap includes a nipple H4 upon which the pipe H5 from the air tank issecured by means'of anap-.

stud I01 into the reservoir.

controlling admission of air to bore I I9'willbe V l propriate couplingH6.

The nipple communicates with an aperture I I1 {through the pressureplate II'2, thence: through the filter I09 and H and bore II8, thence byway of a bore I I 9 longitudinally of the mounting A disk valve I20described below.

- Preferably there is provided in addition to,

the filter I09 for .cleansing the compressed air,

a removable filter" I2I similar to-filter109but V for intercepting anyparticles from the oil prior to its passage to the restriction plug I00.Filter 'I2I is lodged within closure cap. I22 and is maintainedcompressed at its periphery by the ridge' l24ion a pressure disk I23which is in turn held at its periphery against the lower'edge of ashortcylin'der I25 fitted into a corresponding flanged opening. I25 inthe bottom of the reservoir and locked thereat'by a split ring I21.

Communication with therestriction-plug.l00 in the wall ofthei'sub-reservoir S" is efiected through a short. pipe I28 held at oneend by a coupling I29jat the outlet nipple I39 of cap I22, and similarlysecured at its opposite end by means of .coupling .I3I to restrictionplug I00;

In the absence of special precautions, should the reservoir R becomedepleted of oil, the-continued application of air'pressure might result.in'forcing the oil .outof the pipe lines thereb'y impairingthesubsequentoperation of a system such as that indicated in Fig. 2.

I have provided float controlled" means to cbntrol disk valve. I20 inorder to prevent the application of high air pressure to the reservoirwhen r the latter is empty- Disk valve I20 has a soft seating ring I32above an angular seatingridge I33 in the stud I01. '3'

The valve has. a stem which extends above the valve disk as at I34 aswell as therebelow as at J I35.,The upper part of the'stem is guided ina corresponding hub I36 within a closure plug I31 I I. threadedintothehollow. upper en d of. stud I01,

' while the lower part of the stem I35 axially through the studil 01.

extends Secured to the lower end of thestem I35 is a light rod Isa tothe'lower extremity ofwhich float .F is secured; When the tankhasoilthereinthe. float is elevated and the valve I20 is above its seat sothat compressed air can enter the reservoir in the manner previouslydescribed. When however the reservoir becomes'nearly empty the floatdrops sufficiently to seat the valve I20. Accord ingly if atsuchjtimeair pressure'be applied at pipe I I5, such pressure would onlybe effective as ,s obvious, to force the valve I20. more tightly againstits seat I33 but could not be transmitted to the interior of thereservoir.

1 I'havernoreover provided means to discharge "applied air. pressure torelieve the reservoir when it becomes drained. of any residual airpressure therein. For this purpose the valve'stem I34-5 is preferablyprovided with a longitudinal bore I I40 through the length thereof. Thelower part of bore I40 has a communicating cross bore I4I openingintothereservoir. Near the upper end,

. the stem has another cross bore I42 which registers, when the valveI20 is seated, with a pair of downwardly inclined bores I43 in the hubI36 of plug'I3'I. ,Hub I36 which is closed at its upper T end'except fora vent opening I36 .is preferably provided witha'flange I44 immediatelyabove i j V the bores I43, serving toshield the latter from 175 Vclogging.

- 2. The combination .ofa lubricant: supply in- When there is oilin thereservoir'and thevalve I20 is raised above its seat, the cross bore,I42; enters, the upper part of the. hub I36 out of communication withbores I43. Thecontinued application of compressedair serves only toforce 5 7 the valve I20. upward against the hub: I36 to close saidbores, so thatgthe compressed "air through pipe I I5 has no path ofescape andwill b forced into the reservoir.. y

The upper. part oi the pump cylinder I05eis preferably vented at I46 toavoidthe resistance due to thecompression of-air therein. In order.

r to prevent the entry of dirt through these ports I I provide a cupI4I' loosely fitted over the'upper part of--the'pump.--cylinder and heldinplace thereon-by a centralboltand nut I48.

'I'o afford a, ready path of escape for any lu-' bricant that may leakabove, the piston 22',,1I,

preferably provide a short drain pipe I49 through the wall of the pumpcylinder at the upper part thereof, opening, downward preferably alongthe reservoir. wall as shown, to freelydrain any such leakage; toaninconspicuous place. 7

If desired'a whistle orv otherpneumatic sounding device (not shown) maybe'associated with 'the port I34 so that there will bean audible soundwhen air pressure is. relieved thereat, there- ,by to apprise theuser oftheneed for refilling.

,I'claim:

1. A' pump, a

charge. agency and linkage-..automatically operated from the pump, whenit contains a definite charge to open the valve, in order to release theI pump dischargefagency.

stallation comprising a lubricantreservoir, and

a pump having an ejector; a valve at the outlet 1 of said pump-meanstogradually inject lubricant between said valve and said ejector andthereby .10

to charge said pump,-and means correlated with said elements topositively open-said valve when the pumpis completely charged. I

j 3. The combination of a lubricant container,

a pump cylinder associated therewith,.a spring V discharged pistoniin'said cylinder, a .valve' at the outletof said cylinder, means. normallyre taining'said'valve in clo'sed'position, means: to 7 force lubricant.under pressure into the chamber between the. piston and the valve, tourge the 50 piston in direction opposed to the stress of. said springand means controlled from'said piston to thereuponaopen said valve,=to'permit discharge 7 of said pump.

4. A lubricant supply installation. comprising a reservoir, a pumpcylinder extending longitudinally-ythereoi, a .piston'in said cylinder,a coil spring urging said, piston in one direction, said cylinder havinga sub-reservoir beyond said piston, atall times filled with lubricant, avalve at the outlet of said sub-reservoir. means normally retaining saidvalve closed, an inlet from said reservoir to said'sub -reservoir, meansfor forcing lubricant through said inlet and'thereby urging the pistonagainst the resistance of said spring, and means effective after apredetermined period of operation, to release the valve closing attheoutlet of said sub-reservoir, means normaldischargingragencytherefor, an 30 outlet valve, means i to" energize thepump. dis- 7 lyretaining said valve closed, an inlet from said reservoirto saidsub-reservoir, means for forcing lubricant through said inlet andthereby urging the piston against the resistance of said spring, meanseffective upon a predetermined stroke of said piston to release thevalve closing means in order to permit discharge of the pump, and meanscontrolled from said piston at the end of its discharge st-roke, toreclose said valve.

6. A'lubricant pump comprising a cylinder, a piston therein, a springurging the said piston toward the discharge end of the cylinder, a valveclosing the outlet from said cylinder and normally urged to closingposition, means for admitting lubricant under pressure between saidpiston and said valve, a lost motion connection between said piston andsaid valve whereby to maintain the latter closed during the chargingaction of the piston and to open saidvalve when the chargingiscompleted, to thereupon permit automatic discharge of the pump. 1

7. A pump structure including a cylinder, a piston therein, a valve atthe pump outlet normally seated to prevent pump discharge, a toggleurging said valve toward its seat, means connecting said toggle to thepiston, -means to pump lubricant under pressure into the chamber betweensaid piston and said valve, whereby upon admission of a predeterminedcharge of lubricant into said chamber, the toggle will be snapped toopen said valve in order to permit discharge of lubricant.

8. A lubricant pump comprising a cylinder, a piston therein, a springurging said piston toward the discharge end of thecylinder, a valveclosing the outlet from said cylinder, means for admitting lubricantunder pressure between said piston and said valve, thereby to hold thevalve in closed position and to cause the piston to recede from thevalve, and means to cause the valve to'open ata rate of movement fasterthan the progress of the piston, as the latter reaches the end of itscharging stroke.

, 9. A pump" structure including a cylinder, a piston therein, a valveat the pump outlet normally seated to prevent pump discharge, a togglenormally urging said valve towards its seat, means connecting saidtoggle to the piston, means to pump lubricant under pressure into thechamber between said piston and said valve, whereby upon admission of apredetermined charge of lubricant into said chamber the toggle will besnapped to open said valve in order to permit discharge of lubricant,and means transmitting a direct thrust from the piston to return thevalve to seated position at the end of pumpdischarge.

10. A lubricant pump comprising arcylinder, a valve closing the outletof said cylinder, a piston in said cylinder, a spring urging said'pistontoward said valve, a lubricant chamber being formed between said pistonand said valve, a toggle to normally urge saidvalve to closed position,means for admitting lubricant laterally into the chamber betweensaid'piston-and said valve, said toggle beingiconnected .tosaid pistonto be operated therefrom for snapping the valve to open position at theend of the'pump charging stroke.

11; A lubricant'pump comprising a cylinder, 3, piston therein, alubricant chamber beyond said piston a valve closing the outlet fromsaid chamber, a spring stressed to move said piston toward said valve,said valve being normally maintained closed, means to inject lubricantunder pressure into said chamber, thereby to displace said pistonagainst the resistance of said spring, and means to automatically drawsaid valve away from its seat after the piston has been displaced to apredetermined extent, to thereupon permit spring discharge of the pump..12. In a lubricant pump, a cylinder, a piston therein, a valve normallyclosing the outlet of said pump, spring toggle means to open the valveat the end of the pump charging stroke, said toggle means comprising'afixed mount, and a pair of spring-connected arms, one of said arms beingconnected to the valve and the other to the piston.

13. In a chassis lubricating installation, a selfdischarging lubricantpump having a charging chamber, a valve normally closing theoutlettherefrom, means operated by power derived in the normal operation ofthe vehicle for intermittently forcing small charges of lubricant into.

the chamber to charge the same, and means to automatically open saidvalve when a predetermined charge has been admitted.

a 14; In a chassis lubricating system, the combination of, a reservoir,an upright pump cylinder having an outlet at the bottom thereof, .avalve normally closing said outlet, a spring in back of said piston tonormally urge the latter towards said valve, means limiting the strokeof said piston to determine an oil-filled chamber between said pistonand said valve, means operated intermittently by power derived in thenormal opera- .tionof the vehicle to slowly force lubricant fromsaidreservoir into said pump chambers to force the piston upward againstthe resistance of the spring, and means interlocked with said piston tosuddenly open said valve, when the piston has .reached .a predeterminedposition, whereby the pump will thereupon be discharged by the ex-.pansive force of said spring. a

15. In a chassis lubricating system, the combination of a lubricantreservoir, a self-discharging pump associated therewith including a.piston .and an outlet valve, means for admitting successive charges oflubricant under pressure between said valve and said piston to displacethe latter, means to automatically open said valve after a predeterminednumber of charges, said intermittent charging means being operated bypower derived in the normal operation of the vehicle.

16. The method of chassis lubrication, employ.- ing a distributingsystem having highly restricted flow, proportioning outlets] whichconsists in applying powerderived from the normal operation of thevehicle, to force lubricant into the inlet of a chamber andsimultaneously closing the outlet and simultaneously causing saidlubricant upon being forced into said chamber to store energy, andclosing the inlet and opening the outlet of the chamber to relieve thestored energy for discharge from the chamber toward the bearings to belubricated after lubricant is forced into said chamber and energy hasbeen stored therein, said chamber receiving the total charge oflubricant to .be supplied to the chassis bearings when lubricant isforced thereinto and discharging said total charge toward said bearingsunder vsuflicient pressure to assure proper distribution by saidproportioning outlets,

1'7. In a chassis lubricating system, the combination of a reservoir, asub-reservoir supplied therefrom, means resiliently resisting change involume of said sub-reservoir, means automatically operated by powerderived in the normal operation of the vehicle for intermittentlyforcing lubricant from said reservoir into said subreservoir, and meansfor opening said sub-resen voir after it'has been expanded to apredetermined. volume to permitthe resiliently [stored energy todischarge lubricant therefrom. I

' 18; In a1chassis lubricating system, the combination ofa reservoir, asub-reservoir supplied therefrom, means resiliently'resisting change involume of. said sub-reservoir, a valve opening-inwa'rd into saidsub-reservoir, means automaticalls operated by power derived in thenormal operation of the vehicle for intermittently forcing lubricantfrom. said reservoir into said sub- ,2'0 5 V a cantreservoir, asub-reservoir in communication reservoir, to; urge said valve againstits seat and to cause expansion'in the volume of. the subis:

119; In'a chassis lubrioating sy stem a lubri- ;therewi th-and leadingto the .piping system, a valve normally closing said sub-reservoir; a

piston resiliently urged toward said valve, meansv 1 limiting theapproach of said piston with respect to saidyalve; a small pump forforcing lubricant from c said reservoir into said sub-reservoir,

means for intermittently operating said small pump by power derived fromthe vehicle, thereby to store energy in'backof said piston, andamechanical connection between said piston and said valve toautomatically open the latter after a predetermined number of l strokesof said small pump.

'20. In aphassis lubricating system, the comfbination of a reservoir, asub-reservoir in comf munication therewith, a valve normally closing theoutlet from said sub-reservoir, a spring-urged piston interlinked withsaid valve to open the latter upon predetermined displacement of theformena small pressure pump adjacent to said sub reservoir' for'forcing' lubricant thereinto' ffrom' said reservoir,.a source ofpneumaticpower on the vehicle. and means for intermittently operatingsaid small pump from said source of power. I e

'21. Ina chassis lubricating systemethe combination of a lubricantreservoir, a pump member therein having a valve at the outletthereof,

'a piston, means limiting the approach of said 7 piston to said valve todetermine a sub-reservoir 'therebetweemresilient means resisting thead-* mission of lubricant intosaid sub-reservoir, a small pump in saidreservoir for forcing lubricant therefrom into said sub-reservoir,motive means for said pump on top of said reservoir,

a .linkage connecting said motive means to said pump, a source of energyupon said vehicle for intermittently operating. said motive means andmeans to open said valve when a predetermined quantity of lubricant hasbeen admitted to said sub-reservoir. I

22; In a chassis V lubricatingsystem,'the combinationof a lubricantreservoir, a pumpjmem- 'ber thereinhaving a valveatv the outlet thereof,

a piston, means limiting the approach of said piston to said valve todetermine a sub-reservoir therebetween, resilient means .resisting'theadmission of lubricant into said sub-reservoir,

imatically operating motive means disposed on a small pump in saidreservoir, for forcing lubrie canttherefrom into said sub-reservoir, apneutop .of saidreservoir, a rodextending intosaid reservoir andconnecting .said motive jnieans to said pump, a source of pneumaticpressure upon pressure in said reservoir."

said vehicle for intermittently operating said motive means and means toopen said valve when a predetermined quantityof lubricant has beenadmitted to said sub-reservoir. o

23.;A -chassis lubricating supply'installation .5 comprising areservoir, a pumpunit comprising 7 a cylinder extending longitudinallythrough said reservoir, and 'protruding'therebelow; a valve seated atthe outlet from said'pump and having an upstanding stem, a piston, aspring above said piston reacting against the top of said pumpunit toforce said piston toward said valve stem, a p servo-pump within saidreservoir laterally of said pump for forcing lubricantthereinto fromsaid reservoir, a pneumatic motor on top of said reservoir having alinkage connection to said servo-pump for operating-the latter, meansfor intermittently operating said pneumatic motor to actuate saidservo-pump, and force lubricant into said-cylinder, and linkageinterconnecting said piston and said valve to automatically open thelatter upon admission of a predetermined charge of lubricant into saidpump.

24. In a chassis'lubricating system, a spring discharged lubricant pump,a servo-pump" for charging the latter, a valve preventin'g discharge,from said'pump during the charging'operation, means for automaticallyopening said valve to permit discharge of said pump at theend ofthechargingstroke, said vehicle having 'a'source of pneumatic pressureintermittently applied'in the normal operation thereof, and" means foroperating said servo-pump through one stroke for; each application ofpneumatic pressure. 25.In' a'chassis lubricating system,,a springdischarged mainlubricant pump, a servo-pump for charging the same, avalve preventing discharge from said main pump'during the chargingoperation, means forautomatically opening said valveto permit discharge,of said pump at theend of the charging stroke, a pressure motorcomprisinga cylinder, a springreturned piston therein, a link connectingsaid piston to said servo-pump, a brake airline and'meansapplyingpressure therefrom to said pneumatic motor. 26. In' a chassislubricating system, aspring discharged lubricant pump; a servo-pump forcharging thesame, a vaivepreventing discharge" from'said main pumpduring the charging operation, means for automatically openingsaid 50valve to permit discharge of said pump at the end of .the chargingstroke, a suction motor on top of the reservoir,a link connecting saidmotor 7 to said servo-pump, said motor having automatic control meansfor determining reciprocation thereof under a continuoussuction forceapplied thereto, and a pipe connecting said suction motor toapplysuction thereto from the intake manifoldoftheengine.

27. The combination' of a reservoir, a pump, a piston therein, a springfor discharging said pump, a valve normally closing the outlet from saidpump,.means for slowly admitting lubricant from said reservoir into the.chamber between said piston and said valve to displace'said pistonagainst the resistance of the discharge spring, means to automaticallyopen said valve upon completion of the pump charge to permit automaticdischarge therefrom, saidpump charging means comprisingan' inlet, a.source of pneufmatic. pressure delivering therethrough into thereservoir and a highly restricted duct in the wall ofsaid sub-reservoir,through which lubricant is slowly forced thereinto under the pneumatic28. In a chassis lubricating system, the combination of a lubricantreservoir, a pump unit therein, having a valve normally closing theoutlet thereof, a pump piston, a spring. normally urging said pistontoward said valve, means limiting the approach of said piston withrespectto said valve to determine a sub-reservoir therebetween, apneumatic brake tank on the vehicle, a compressor for charging saidtank, a brake air line con-v necting said compressor to said tank, apipe line connecting said brake air line to said reservoir, and a highlyrestricted inlet plug at the wall of said sub-reservoir to retard theadmission of lubricant thereinto under the pneumatic pressure applied tosaid reservoir, thereby to slowly retract said pump piston againsttheresistance of said spring, and means for automatically withdrawing thevalve from its seat at the end of the pump stroke to permit springdischarge of the pump.

29. In a chassis lubricating systemof the type having instrumentalitiesfor determining the division of lubricant and for maintaining thedistributing piping substantially filled with oil at all times; thecombination therewith of a self-discharging pump having a tight-fittingejector for injecting lubricant into the head of the system, means forforcing lubricant under pressure into the pump, to cause said ejector torecede, said pressure means being selective to'exert pressure uponlubricant, but to allow air to'escape thereby.

30. In a chassis lubricating system a lubricant containing vessel, asource of lubricant propelling energy, means for intermittently applyingpressure from said source toth'e contents of the vessel, and means toautomatically prevent communication between the source and the vesseland to relieve the pressure in said vessel when less than apredetermined quantity of lubricant remains in the vessel.

31. In a chassis lubricating system, the combination of a lubricantreservoir, means for applying pneumatic pressure thereto, including afitting at the top of said reservoir, said fitting including a capsulehaving a filter therein through whichthe pneumatic agency is passed, anda lubricant controlled valve in said fitting arranged to closeautomatically when insuificient lubricant remains in the reservoir,thereby to prevent the admission of pneumatic pressure into thereservo1r.

32. A lubricating system including a lubricant reservoir, a source ofpneumatic pressure, means connecting said source to said reservoir forintermittently applying pneumatic pressure to the lubricant within thereservoir, a pump within the reservoir, means for effectingcommunication between the reservoir and the pump, for slow charge of thelatter under the pneumatic pressure, means to automatically release thepump and permit discharge thereof after completion of the charge, andvalve means to automatically vent the reservoir when the level oflubricant therein is decreased to a predetermined level.

33. In a chassis lubricating installation, a distributing piping systemhaving flow controlling outlets, a container at the head of said pipingsystem, a valve controlled inlet and outlet respectively to and fromsaid container, said outlet being closed when said inlet is open andsaid inlet being closed when said outlet is open, means for forcinglubricant under pressure through said valve controlled inlet andresilient means in said container stressed by the lubricant forcedthrough said inlet for applying pressure to the lubricant in saidcontainer to force lubricant therefrom valve .means to shut off theapplication of pneumatic pressure to the reservoir and meansautomatically actuating .said valve means when the charge of lubricantremaining in the reservoir is little.

. "35. In a lubricating system, the combination of a lubricant reservoirhaving an outlet adapted to communicate with a distributing pipingsystem, a source of pneumatic pressure, piping establishingcommunicationbetween said source and said reservoir, a float in said reservoir, avalve under the influence of said float, and adjacent the pneumaticinlet to said reservoir, whereby when the float drops, the valve willseal communication under the influence of pressure on said reservoir.

36. In a lubricating system, the combination of a reservoir, aself-discharging pump associated therewith, means for forcing lubricantfrom saidreservoir into the charging chamber of said pump, said meanscomprising a source of pneumatic pressure in communication with saidreservoir, a

passageway from said reservoir into said charging chamber,presentinghigh' resistance to oil flow, and a filter substantially atthe inlet of said passageway.

3'7. A lubricant reservoir, a pump extending therethrough and securedtherein, a filling opening in the top of said reservoir, a replaceablefilter structure secured in the bottom of said reservoir, laterally ofsaid pump, and a pipe connection from the filter structure to the pump.

38. A lubricating system including a reservoir having a fitting in thetop, saidfitting having a valve therein, a float in saidreservoir'controlling said valve, a fluid feed line to said reservoircontrolled by said valve and serving to create a pressure in saidreservoir substantially departing from atmospheric, means to cause saidvalve to close said line when the lubricant is almost depleted in saidreservoir, venting means to vent said reservoir to the atmosphere andmeans to actuate said venting means to vent said reservoir when saidvalve is closed.

39. A lubricant reservoir comprising the combination of a vessel, a pumpcylinder extending vertically of said vessel, the upper end of thecylinder projecting above the top of said vessel and frictionallysecured therein, a piston in said cylinder, a spring above said pistonreacting against the top of said cylinder to urge the piston downward,ports in the top of said cylinder to vent the latter, a guard cup oflarger diameter telescoped over and spaced from the vented end of saidcylinder and secured thereto, and a drain pipe through said pump topermit escape of any lubricant that has passed above the pump piston.

40. In a chassis lubricating system of the type comprising piping havingpressure-actuated outlets for determining the division of lubricanttherefrom and for maintaining said piping substantially filled withlubricant at all times; the combination therewith of a pump cylinder, atight-fitting piston therein, a spring for discharging the pump, a valveat the head of the piping and normally closed, and a servo-pump forforcing oil into the space between the valve and the piston to cause thelatter :to recede, 'said'servo pump being selective to by-pass air, andmeans to open thevalve and allow discharge of :the

been completely charged.

41. The method of chassis lubrication, employ-'- V i ing a distributingsystem having highly restricted flow proportioning outlets, whichconsists in applying power derived from the normal operation of thevehiclejto force lubricant into a chamber, said chamber being providedwith a resilient i agency'occupying a considerable portion or the volumewithinsaid chambenwhich volume'is de-' creased when lubricant is forcedinto said chamher, said resilient agency storing energy upon suchdecrease in volume, and after the chamber has a matic distribution to,the bearings to be 'lubri a measuring chamber having an outlet connectedto said conduit and an inlet, means for forcing lubricant in smallcharges into said inlet under received a charge of lubricant and saidresilient agency has stored energy, then opening the chamber to relievethe stored energy for automatic discharge from the chamber toward, andfor autocated; said chamber receiving'the total charge of lubricant tobe supplied to the chassis bearings when lubricant is forced thereintoand discharging said total charge toward said bearings'u'nder suiiicientpressure to assure proper distribution by said proportioning, outlets. I

42. In alubricating device for bearings, a plurality, of outlet devices;discharge control means in eachdevice, a conduitconnecting said devices,

I pressure over a long: period of time, a valve con- V 7 determinedquantity of lubricant has been forced trolling said outlet, andlubricant pressure operatedimeans forgoperating said ,valvewhen a prefinto said chamber to discharge said lubricant in a short periodof time.

43. A-central lubricating system comprisinga resiliently cushioningreceiving chamber having associatedtherewith aninlet port andan outlet 1port, a valve device controlling said outlet port,

mechanically operated pump means for delivering lubricant under pressurethrough said inlet 7 port; branched conduit means leading from said'outlet port to deliver lubricant to points requiring lubrication,lubricant pressure-responsive metering means determining the emission tosaid respective points, means for shifting said valve device to closed'position,a nd automatic means to r propel the valvedevice of thelubricant charged chamber to wide open position, thereby topermitresilient propulsion of lubricant therefrom into. the branched conduitmeans. V.

44. In a lubricating system for a mechanism having a plurality ofbearings to belubricated, distributing piping with inlet means and aplurality of outlets to said bearings, and pressure means to forcelubricant under pressure into the inlet means, said pressure meansincluding a source of pneumatic pressure, a reservoircontaininglubricant, means to apply said pneumatic 2 pressure to the-lubricantbody in said reservoir, accumulator means, conduit means toconveylubricant from said reservoir to said accumulator means,'means to fdischarge said accumulator to limit the lubricant flow through saidconduit means from said reservoir to said accumulator means. a r V V V vi V 45. In a lubricating system for a mechanism a 7 having a pluralityof bearings to be lubricated, so

distributing piping with inlet means and aflplurality of outlets to saidbearings'and pressure means to force lubricant under pressure into themeans into said inlet means and restriction means 25 inlet means, saidpressure means including a source of pneumatic pressure, a reservoircontain- 35 ing lubricant, means to apply said pneumatic pressure'to thelubricant body in said reservoir,

'means'to cut off said source from said reservoir when less than apredetermined quantity of lubricant remains inthe reservoir andmeansto're- 4 lieve Y the pneumatic pressure in said reservoir when socut off.-

JOSEPH, BIJUR.

